Bleeding gums

Bleeding gums can be caused by overbrushing, but it can also be a sign of periodontal disease.

Gum disease is a common condition that affects the tissues around the teeth. It causes swelling, redness of the gums, and sometimes pain, and avoiding treatment can lead to gum recession and even tooth loss.

Most adults experience some form of gum disease. However, gum disease can be prevented by maintaining a good oral hygiene routine, which includes regular brushing, dental checkups, and visits to the hygienist.

What causes gum disease?

Gum disease occurs when biofilm builds up around teeth that aren't cleaned properly. You may find it more difficult to clean your teeth if you wear braces, implants, or dentures.

Other things that can increase your chances of getting gum disease include smoking, diabetes, pregnancy, taking medications that dry out your mouth, or eating too many sugary foods. Aging or having a weak immune system can also make you more susceptible to gum disease.

What are the main types of gum disease?

There are three main types of gum disease: gingivitis, periodontitis, and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG).

Gingivitis is an inflammation of the tissues surrounding the teeth. If left untreated, it can lead to another type of gum disease called periodontitis, which can affect the bones and ligaments that support the teeth. ARG is a serious type of gum disease that develops suddenly and is very painful.

Gingivitis

La gingivitis es causada por una acumulación de biofilm, una sustancia blanda y pegajosa compuesta por bacterias. Si no limpias la placa o biofilm de tus dientes cepillándote y usando hilo dental regularmente, puedes provocar que tus encías se inflamen. Las encías pueden sangrar cuando las cepillas, pero no suelen ser dolorosas.

Si quitas el biofilm y cuidas bien tus dientes y encías, es probable que tu gingivitis mejore. Pero si no quitas el biofilm correctamente, puedes desarrollar un tipo más grave de enfermedad de las encías llamada periodontitis.

Los síntomas de la gingivitis son:

  • Sangrado después de limpiarte los dientes o de usar hilo dental
  • Sangrado después de comer algo duro como una manzana
  • Mal aliento (halitosis)
  • Las encías se ven rojas o inflamadas

Si tienes síntomas de gingivitis, puedes resolverlos en casa con técnicas de cepillado adecuadas y con el uso de hilo dental. También puedes venir a vernos y te daremos cita para una limpieza que te dará un punto de partida donde tus dientes estarán 100% limpios.

Periodontitis

Si no te tratas la gingivitis, la inflamación puede extenderse al ligamento y hueso que mantienen los dientes en su lugar. Este es un tipo de enfermedad de las encías llamada periodontitis. Tu encía puede comenzar a separarse de tus dientes, dejando bolsas periodontales. Estas bolsas atrapan la placa o biofilm que no podrás alcanzar a limpiar con un cepillo de dientes.

Con el tiempo, este biofilm se endurece para convertirse en sarro o cálculo. Esto puede irritar aún más las encías al recoger más biofilm. Las bolsas pueden volverse más profundos y más difíciles de limpiar, lo que empeora el problema. A veces puedes, incluso, desarrollar una infección en las encías, el pus puede acumularse debajo de las encías y causar un absceso periodontal.

La periodontitis no tratada puede hacer que las encías se retiren de los dientes, lo que conocemos como recesión gingival. Esto puede exponer las raíces de tus dientes, haciéndolos sensibles y que se vean los dientes más largos. Si tus dientes tienen pérdida ósea, los sentirás más flojos. Si tu periodontitis no se trata durante varios años, incluso puedes llegar a perder algunos dientes.

Si tu gingivitis se ha convertido en periodontitis, puedes experimentar los siguientes síntomas:

  • Mal aliento (halitosis)
  • Recesión de las encías, dientes sensibles y más largos
  • Movilidad dental
  • Mal sabor de boca
  • Abscesos de encías 

Si tienes alguno de estos síntomas, te recomendamos que nos contactes.

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)

La GUNA es un tipo grave de enfermedad de las encías que se desarrolla repentinamente. Es una infección bacteriana que causa hinchazón, úlceras, mal aliento (halitosis) y dolor. La GUNA debe ser tratada por un dentista lo antes posible.

Los síntomas de la GUNA incluyen:

  • También puede tener un poco de fiebre y, en general, sentirse mal
  • Úlceras muy dolorosas que sangran fácilmente.
  • Mal aliento (halitosis)
  • Un sabor metálico en la boca.
  • Dificultad para tragar o hablar
  • Tener mucha saliva en la boca

How is gum disease treated?

The type of treatment will depend on the severity of your gum disease. The goal of treatment is to control any existing gum disease and prevent further problems.

You may be able to treat mild gum disease (gingivitis) with a daily brushing and flossing routine. Your dentist will arrange regular checkups for you to monitor the depth of your gum pockets, as well as check for bleeding and monitor improvement over time.

If your dentist thinks you have periodontitis:

  • will use a periodontal probe to measure the depth of any spaces between your teeth and gums.
  • will check how easily your gums bleed and how much plaque and tartar is present.
  • You may need X-rays to check the condition of your teeth and monitor your bone level.

Scaling and root planing may be necessary to treat periodontitis or acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG). Scaling removes plaque and tartar, and in most cases, it's best performed under local anesthesia for your comfort.

Antibiotic treatment may be recommended if you have a very severe infection, or an antiseptic mouthwash containing chlorhexidine may be recommended to help slow bacterial growth. However, mouthwash cannot remove plaque already accumulated on your teeth; this must be removed by brushing or by a professional.

If you have more severe periodontitis and other treatments haven't worked, you may need gum surgery to remove periodontal pockets and help keep your gums clear.

For more information about gum disease treatments, contact us.

Prevent gum disease

You may be able to prevent gum disease by controlling the amount of biofilm and tartar that builds up on your teeth. To do this, you should:

Brush and floss your teeth well

  • Brush your teeth for at least 2 minutes twice a day and floss daily.
  • Rinsing your teeth with mouthwash will not remove plaque, you must brush with a toothbrush.
  • You should also use interdental brushes or dental floss to clean between your teeth.
  • At Semüi we will show you how to floss and brush your teeth properly.

Visit your dentist and hygienist regularly

  • Visiting a hygienist for regular cleanings will help thoroughly remove tartar buildup both on the teeth and below the gum line. Tartar cannot be removed at home; it is removed with professional instruments.
  • Regular checkups will also allow your dentist to monitor your overall oral health, meaning any potential problems can be addressed sooner.

Quit smoking

If you smoke, talk to your doctor or pharmacist about how you can quit. Smoking increases your chances of developing gum disease and can make it harder to treat.

Keep reading

Periodontal disease

Periodontal disease (gum disease) is a common condition that affects your teeth and gums. It means inflammation, infection, or pain in the soft tissues surrounding your teeth.

Sensitive teeth

Tooth sensitivity isn't something you should have to endure, and in most cases, it can be easily treated. Sensitivity can be treated and usually cured, but if left untreated, it's likely to worsen over time.

Bleeding gums

Bleeding gums can be caused by overbrushing, but it can also be a sign of periodontal disease. Gum disease is a common condition that affects the tissues around the teeth.

How to take care of your teeth

Your teeth are very important. Not only do they help you chew and speak, but they also affect how you look and how others see you. Maintaining good oral hygiene is the best way to prevent dental problems like cavities and periodontal disease.

Pregnancy

Pregnancy is known for being the period in which the greatest physiological hormonal changes occur in a woman's life. One of the areas of the body most affected by these changes is the mouth, so these changes and their repercussions should be understood by the various professionals who care for women before and during pregnancy.

Xerostomia

Xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a problem that many people struggle with daily. The sensation of dry mouth can make functions like swallowing food or speaking more difficult.